… the inserted genes efficiently and to be stable during passage … Chapter 6 investigates how
to increase the protection induce … seem to have the opposite effect: Infectious bronchitis virus (…

… The strategy adopted by coronaviruses in gene expression … live ones in inducing a proper
protection and strong mucosal … IBV providing a chemically stable environment, without altering …

… Recently, epitope-based vaccines that are safe, non-infective, stable, and low cost have …
on peptides or virus-induced T cell proliferation. We compared the survival in immune protection …

… effects induced by the rescue virus and the expression of … subtype C expressing the infectious
bronchitis virus S1 and … the rescued virus rLN16A-vvVP2 provided 100% protection against …

… and genetic stability was confirmed by whole genome DNA … induce a high level of immune
responses and full protection of … virus [52], and avian metapneumovirus [53] viral backbones …

… of the limited cross-protection of the vaccines (13, 14). … , avian metapneumovirus, and
infectious laryngotracheitis … with IBV and H9N2 AIV might change the HA stability and function of …

… We found a stable mutation in the SH gene at position 5629 in the … Avian metapneumovirus
subgroup C induces autophagy … avian metapneumovirus subtype C for protection in turkeys. …

… , infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), is a rapidly evolving avian … expressing S1 and IL-18 were
protected against IBV challenge … infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) remains a major cause for …

… to determine the genetic stability of the viruses. Genomic DNA … for effective protection. First,
we showed that the S1 and TM-1 … The induction of high antibody levels that provided effective …

… milk may increase the stability of the vaccine virus for water … Infection of chickens with APMV
2–9 induced protection from … , infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus (…